William Matthew Flinders Petrie Popular Books

William Matthew Flinders Petrie Biography & Facts

Sir William Matthew Flinders Petrie ((1853-06-03)3 June 1853 – (1942-07-28)28 July 1942), commonly known as simply Sir Flinders Petrie, was a British Egyptologist and a pioneer of systematic methodology in archaeology and the preservation of artefacts. He held the first chair of Egyptology in the United Kingdom, and excavated many of the most important archaeological sites in Egypt in conjunction with his wife, Hilda Urlin. Some consider his most famous discovery to be that of the Merneptah Stele, an opinion with which Petrie himself concurred. Undoubtedly at least as important is his 1905 discovery and correct identification of the character of the Proto-Sinaitic script, the ancestor of almost all alphabetic scripts. Petrie developed the system of dating layers based on pottery and ceramic findings. Petrie has been denounced for his pro-eugenics views; he was a dedicated believer in the superiority of the Northern peoples over the Latinate and Southern peoples.He has been referred to as the "father of Egyptian archaeology". Early life Petrie was born on 3 June 1853 in Charlton, Kent, England, the son of William Petrie (1821–1908) and Anne (née Flinders) (1812–1892). Anne was the daughter of British Captain Matthew Flinders, who led the first circumnavigation of Australia (and after whom Petrie was named). William Petrie was an electrical engineer who developed carbon arc lighting and later developed chemical processes for Johnson, Matthey & Co.Petrie was raised in a Christian household (his father being a member of the Plymouth Brethren), and was educated at home. He had no formal education. His father taught his son how to survey accurately, laying the foundation for his archaeological career. At the age of eight, he was tutored in French, Latin, and Greek, until he had a collapse and was taught at home. He also ventured his first archaeological opinion aged eight, when friends visiting the Petrie family were describing the unearthing of the Brading Roman Villa in the Isle of Wight. The boy was horrified to hear the rough shovelling out of the contents, and protested that the earth should be pared away, inch by inch, to see all that was in it and how it lay. "All that I have done since," he wrote when he was in his late seventies, "was there to begin with, so true it is that we can only develop what is born in the mind. I was already in archaeology by nature." Academic career The chair of Edwards Professor of Egyptian Archaeology and Philology at University College London was set up and funded in 1892 following a bequest from Amelia Edwards, who died suddenly in that year. Petrie's supporter since 1880, Edwards had instructed that he should be its first incumbent. He continued to excavate in Egypt after taking up the professorship, training many of the best archaeologists of the day. In 1904, Petrie published Methods and Aims in Archaeology, the definitive work of his time, in which he defined the goals and methodology of his profession along with the more practical aspects of archaeology—such as details of excavation, including the use of cameras in the field. Insights include the contention that research results were dependent on the personality of the archaeologist, who, he felt, needed to possess broad knowledge as well as insatiable curiosity. His own abundance of that characteristic was never questioned.In 1913, Petrie sold his large collection of Egyptian antiquities to University College, London, where it is now housed in the Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology. One of his trainees, Howard Carter, went on to discover the tomb of Tutankhamun in 1922. Petrie's mental capacity Archaeology career In Britain In his teenage years, Petrie surveyed British prehistoric monuments, commencing with the late Romano-British 'British Camp' that lay within yards of his family home in Charlton, in attempts to understand their geometry. At 19 he produced the most accurate survey of Stonehenge. Giza survey His father had corresponded with Piazzi Smyth about his theories of the Great Pyramid and Petrie travelled to Egypt in early 1880 to make an accurate survey of Giza, making him the first to properly investigate how the pyramids there were constructed; many theories had been advanced on this, and Petrie read them all, but none was based on first hand observation or logic.Petrie's published reports of this triangulation survey, and his analysis of the architecture of Giza therein, was exemplary in its methodology and accuracy, disproving Smyth's theories and still providing much of the basic data regarding the pyramid plateau to this day. On that visit, he was appalled by the rate of destruction of monuments (some listed in guidebooks had been worn away completely since then) and mummies. He described Egypt as "a house on fire, so rapid was the destruction" and felt his duty to be that of a "salvage man, to get all I could, as quickly as possible and then, when I was 60, I would sit and write it all." Egypt Exploration Fund affiliation Returning to England at the end of 1880, Petrie wrote a number of articles and then met Amelia Edwards, journalist and patron of the Egypt Exploration Fund (now the Egypt Exploration Society), who became his strong supporter and later appointed him as professor at her Egyptology chair at University College London. Impressed by his scientific approach, the university offered him work as the successor to Édouard Naville. Petrie accepted the position and was given the sum of £250 per month to cover the excavation expenses. In November 1884, Petrie arrived in Egypt to begin his excavations. Tanis dig He first went to a New Kingdom site at Tanis, with 170 workmen. He cut out the middle man role of foreman on this and all subsequent excavations, taking complete overall control himself and removing pressure on the workmen from the foreman to discover finds quickly but sloppily. Though he was regarded as an amateur and dilettante by more established Egyptologists, this made him popular with his workers, who found several small but significant finds that would have been lost under the old system. Tell Nebesheh dig In 1886, while working for the Egypt Exploration Fund, Petrie excavated at Tell Nebesheh in the Eastern Nile Delta. This site is located 8 miles southeast of Tanis and, among the remains of an ancient temple there, Petrie found a royal sphinx, now located at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Nile and Sehel Island By the end of the Tanis dig, he ran out of funding but, reluctant to leave the country in case it was renewed, he spent 1887 cruising the Nile taking photographs as a less subjective record than sketches. During this time, he also climbed rope ladders at Sehel Island near Aswan to draw and photograph thousands of early Egyptian inscriptions on a cliff face, recording embassies to Nubia, famines and wars. Fayum burials By the time he reached Aswan, a telegram had reached there to confirm the renewal of his funding. He then.... Discover the William Matthew Flinders Petrie popular books. Find the top 100 most popular William Matthew Flinders Petrie books.

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  • Holy Bible synopsis, comments

    Holy Bible

    The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

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    Lexy Timms

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    The Great Gatsby

    F. Scott Fitzgerald

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    Once Upon A One-Night Stand

    Zoey Locke

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    The Target

    Lexy Timms

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    Man In The Water

    Jon Hill

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    A Green Kind of Witch

    Sierra Cross

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    Meditations

    Emperor of Rome Marcus Aurelius

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    Silver Santa

    Lacey Silks

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    Assisting the Bosshole

    Kristin MacQueen

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    A Bookshop to Die For

    M.P. Black

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    The Icing on the Cake

    Linda Seed

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    His Girl Next Door

    Khardine Gray

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    The Cupcake Cottage

    Jean Oram

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    Caught Up with the Captain

    Kait Nolan

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    Nothing to Hide

    Scarlett Finn

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    The Art of War

    Sun Tzu

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    The Holy Bible - King James Version

    King James

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    Always Yours

    Claire Raye

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    Think and Grow Rich

    Greg Habstritt & Napoleon Hill

    Think and Grow Rich is one of the most popular success book of alltime, having sold more than 60 million copies since it was first published more than 70...

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    Dracula

    Bram Stoker

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    My Paper Heart

    Magan Vernon

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    Colleen Hoover

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    Christmas in Sweetbriar Cove

    Melody Grace

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    The Scarlet Letter

    Nathaniel Hawthorne

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    Lexy Timms

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    You Are Kind

    Michael Gordon

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    Awaken Me

    Jenna Jacob

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    Good Guy

    Kate Meader

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    Teach Me

    Cassandra Dean

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    A Christmas Carol

    Charles Dickens

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    Wuthering Heights

    Emily Brontë

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    Just Me

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    The Seduction Series Boxset

    Roxy Sloane

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    The Count of Monte Cristo

    Alexandre Dumas

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    The Four Loves

    C. S. Lewis

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    Dark Psychology and Manipulation

    Margaret Morrison

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    The Three Little Pigs

    Mark Lesky

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    Little Women

    Louisa May Alcott

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    Law of Attraction

    Jordan Hollis

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    Pride and Prejudice

    Jane Austen

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    Salvation

    Meghan O'Flynn

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    Becoming Lady Dalton

    Carrie Lomax

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    School of Potential

    W.J. May

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    Silenced Girls

    Roger Stelljes

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    Inception of Gold

    Lexy Timms

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    Saltwater Cove

    Amelia Addler

    Second chances...and the secrets that sabotage them. At 48 years old, Margie Clifton never expected to be starting her life all over again. But when her brother gifts her a propert...

  • Escape, A New Life synopsis, comments

    Escape, A New Life

    David J Antocci

    To save herself, she had to lose everything. Trapped in a tropical paradise with no memory of how she got there, Abby is thrust into a fight for her life. Hunted by a madman, and c...

  • Get Lucky synopsis, comments

    Get Lucky

    Lila Monroe

    Fall for the hot and hilarious romcom spin on 'The Hangover', perfect for fans of Tessa Bailey, Ali Hazelwood, and Emily Henry! What happens when you wake up in a hotel s...

  • Hard Love synopsis, comments

    Hard Love

    Peyton Banks

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