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1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1961st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 961st year of the 2nd millennium, the 61st year of the 20th century, and the 2nd year of the 1960s decade. Events January January 3 United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces that the United States has severed diplomatic and consular relations with Cuba (Cuba–United States relations are restored in 2015). Aero Flight 311 (Koivulahti air disaster): Douglas DC-3C OH-LCC of Finnish airline Aero crashes near Kvevlax (Koivulahti), on approach to Vaasa Airport in Finland, killing all 25 on board, due to pilot error: an investigation finds that the captain and first officer were both exhausted for lack of sleep, and had consumed excessive amounts of alcohol at the time of the crash. It remains the deadliest air disaster to occur in the country. January 5 Italian sculptor Alfredo Fioravanti marches into the U.S. Consulate in Rome, and confesses that he was part of the team that forged the Etruscan terracotta warriors in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. After the 1960 military coup, General Cemal Gürsel forms the new government of Turkey (25th government). January 7 – Following a four-day conference in Casablanca, five African chiefs of state announce plans for a NATO-type African organization to ensure common defense. The Charter of Casablanca involves the Casablanca Group: Morocco, the United Arab Republic, Ghana, Guinea, and Mali. January 8 – In France, a referendum supports Charles de Gaulle's policies on independence for Algeria. January 9 – British authorities announce they have uncovered a large Soviet spy ring, the Portland Spy Ring, in London. January 17 President Dwight Eisenhower gives his final State of the Union Address to Congress. In a Farewell Address the same day, he warns of the increasing power of a "military–industrial complex." Patrice Lumumba of the Republic of Congo is assassinated. January 20 – John F. Kennedy is sworn in as the 35th President of the United States. January 24 – A B-52 Stratofortress, with two nuclear bombs, crashes near Goldsboro, North Carolina. January 25 In Washington, D.C., President John F. Kennedy delivers the first live presidential news conference. In it, he announces that the Soviet Union has freed the two surviving crewmen of a USAF RB-47 reconnaissance plane, shot down by Soviet flyers over the Barents Sea on July 1, 1960 (see RB-47H shot down). Acting to halt 'leftist excesses', a junta composed of two army officers and four civilians takes over El Salvador, ousting another junta that had ruled for three months. January 28 – Supercar, the first family sci-fi TV series filmed in Supermarionation, debuts on ATV in the UK. January 30 – President John F. Kennedy delivers his first State of the Union Address. January 31 – Ham, a 37-pound (17-kg) male chimpanzee, is rocketed into space aboard Mercury-Redstone 2, in a test of the Project Mercury spacecraft, designed to carry United States astronauts into space. February February 1 – The United States tests its first Minuteman I intercontinental ballistic missile. February 4 – The Portuguese Colonial War begins in Angola. February 5–9 – In Congo, President Joseph Kasa-Vubu names Joseph Iléo as the new Prime Minister. February 9 – The Beatles at The Cavern Club: Lunchtime – The Beatles perform under this name at The Cavern Club for the first time following their return to Liverpool from Hamburg, George Harrison's first appearance at the venue. On March 21 they begin regular performances here. February 12 – The USSR launches Venera 1 towards Venus. February 13 – The Congo government announces that villagers have killed Patrice Lumumba. February 14 – Discovery of the chemical elements: Element 103, Lawrencium, is first synthesized in Berkeley, California. February 15 United States President John F. Kennedy warns the Soviet Union to avoid interfering with the United Nations' pacification of the Congo. Sabena Flight 548 crashes near Brussels, Belgium, killing 73, including the entire United States figure skating team and several coaches. The total solar eclipse of February 15, 1961, visible in the southern part of Europe, occurs. February 26 – Hassan II is pronounced King of Morocco. March March–April – Drilling for Project Mohole is undertaken off the coast of Guadalupe Island, Mexico. March 1 – United States President John F. Kennedy establishes the Peace Corps. March 3 – Hassan II is crowned King of Morocco. March 8 Max Conrad circumnavigates the earth in 8 days, 18 hours and 49 minutes, setting a new world record. The first U.S. Polaris submarines arrive at Holy Loch in Scotland. March 11 – "Barbie" gets a boyfriend, when the "Ken" doll is introduced in the United States. March 13 Black and white £5 notes cease to be legal tender in the UK. 1961 Kurenivka mudslide: A dam bursts in Kiev, USSR, killing 145. United States delegate to the United Nations Security Council Adlai Stevenson votes against Portuguese policies in Africa. United States President John F. Kennedy proposes a long-term "Alliance for Progress", between the United States and Latin America. Cyprus joins the Commonwealth of Nations, becoming the first small country in the Commonwealth. Monash University in Melbourne, Australia takes in its first students. A second B-52 crashes near Yuba City, California, after cabin pressure is lost and the fuel runs out. Two nuclear weapons are found unexploded. March 15 South Africa announces it will withdraw from the Commonwealth of Nations, upon becoming a republic (31 May). The nation rejoins the organization in 1994. The Union of Peoples of Angola, led by Holden Roberto, attacks strategic locations in the north of Angola. These events result in the beginning of the colonial war with Portugal. March 18 A ceasefire takes effect in the Algerian War of Independence. Nous les amoureux by Jean-Claude Pascal (music by Jacques Datin, text by Maurice Vidalin) wins the Eurovision Song Contest 1961 for Luxembourg. March 29 – The Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, allowing residents of Washington, D.C. to vote in presidential elections. March 30 – The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs is signed at New York. April April 5 – The New Guinea Council of Western Papua is installed. April 8 – British India Steam Navigation Company passenger ship MV Dara blows up and sinks off Dubai; 238 passengers and crew are killed. April 11 – The trial of Nazi Adolf Eichmann begins in Jerusalem. April 12 Vostok 1: Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin becomes the first human in space, orbiting the Earth once before parachuting to the ground. Albert Kalonji takes the title Emperor Albert I Kalonji of South Kasai. Bernard Schwarz gets the patent for the body electrode. April 13 – In Portugal, a coup attempt against António de Oliveira Salazar fails. April 17 The Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba begins; it .... Discover the Caroline Tung Richmond Elsie Chapman San popular books. Find the top 100 most popular Caroline Tung Richmond Elsie Chapman San books.