Frederick Herman Martens Popular Books

Frederick Herman Martens Biography & Facts

The White Bird and His Wife is an East Asian folktale published as part of the compilation of The Bewitched Corpse. Scholars related it to the cycle of the animal bridegroom: a human woman that marries a supernatural husband in animal form and, after losing him, has to seek him out. Origin The Tales of the Bewitched Corpse is a compilation of Indo-Tibetan stories that was later brought to Mongolia and translated to Mongolic languages. The collection is known in India as Vetala Pañcaviṃśati, in Tibet as Ro-sgrung, in Mongolia as Siditü kegür, and in Oirat as Siddhi kǖr.In this regard, Mongolian linguist Tsendiin Damdinsüren noted the existence of two Tibetan compilations of Vetala tales, one with 13 chapters and the other with 21. Also, both versions were mentioned in the work The Book of the Son, written in 11th century. Lastly, the divergence in contents between the Indian Vetala and the Tibetan versions, according to Damdinsuren, may indicate the latter were original works, instead of an adaptation or translation. In the same vein, according to Tibetologist Françoise Robin, there are more than 20 versions of the compilation in the Tibetan-speaking zone alone, and their common versions contain between thirteen and twenty-five stories, with some even reaching up to 75 tales. Summary The following summary is based on Rachel Harriette Busk's, Frederick Herman Martens's and Bernhard Jülg's translations of the story.In a distant kingdom called Fair-flower-garden, a man lives with his three daughters grazing their goat herds. One day, the goats vanish, and the elder daughter goes to look for them. She finds a large red door and goes through, then a gate of mother-of-pearl and another of emerald. A white bird appears to her and tells her that he can show where her herds are, as long as she consents to marry him. The elder daughter refuses. The next day, the middle daughter goes to look for the goats, and the same bird appears with the same proposal. She also refuses. The following day, the youngest daughter goes to look for her goats, and a bird appears to her. The youngest believes its words and agrees to marry him. Sometime after, a large gathering is happening near a local temple, and will last 13 days. The white bird's wife joins the people as the loveliest woman in the gathering. A mysterious rider on a dappled gray horse also joins the people. The white bird's wife goes back to the bird's palace and tells her husband about the rider at the gathering. This goes on for the next days. On the 12th day of the gathering, the white bird's wife pours out her heart to an old woman about the mysterious rider. The old woman advises the girl to pretend to go to the gathering, wait for her husband to take off the birdskin, assume human form and ride to the festival on his dappled gray horse. On the 13th day, the girl waits until her husband becomes human and leaves on his horse, then burns the perch, the birdcage and the featherskin. Later, after her husband returns, the girl tells him that she burned his featherskin and the cage, to keep him in human form permanently. Her husband despairs at her action, because his soul was inside the cage, and now "gods and dæmons" will come for him. The only solution is for her to stand the gate of mother-of-pearl and hew a stick for seven days and seven nights, without interruption. The girl gets some motes of feather-grass to apply to her eyelids. She resists for seven days, but, on the seventh night, the motes of grass come off her eyes and she fails the task, thus allowing her husband to be taken. She then goes looking for him anywhete between the heavens and the earth. One day, she hears his voice coming from up in the mountains. She follows it until she reaches a stream, where she finds her husband, carrying pairs of boots on his back. He explains that the gods and demons made him their water-carrier, and the worn-out boots indicate that he has been like this for some time. The girl asks what she can do to rescue him, and her husband tells her to build a new birdcage and to woo his soul back into it. Variants In the translated version by Charles John Tibbitts with the title The Bird-Man, a father lives with his three daughters, who herds their calves; the sisters pass through a golden door, a silver door and a brazen door and find the bird; the youngest sister marries the bird. During the 13 days' feast around the large pagoda in the neighbourhood, the bird, in human form, rides a white horse, and his wife burns his birdhouse, which was the husband's soul. When the wife finally finds him again after he disappears, he explains that he is forced to draw water for the Tschadkurrs and the Tângâri. The wife saves him by building a new birdhouse. Mongolia According to Hungarian orientalist László L. Lőrincz, all Mongolian versions of The Bewitched Corpse contain 13 tales. The seventh tale of the compilation is titled Sibaɣun ger-tü ("The Man in the Form of a Bird"). In a 1959 publication of Mongolian fairy tales, a variant was published as its eighth tale, whose translated title is Histoire de la femme dont le mari était un coq ("The story of the girl whose husband is a rooster").Russian Mongolist Boris Ya. Vladimirtsov translated and published in 1958 a Mongol-Oirat version of The Bewitched Corpse, whose seventh tale is titled "Имеющий птичью оболочку" ("Having a Bird Skin"): the man and his three daughters live in a place called Jirgalangiin-ӧy. Later in the tale, the youngest daughter marries the bird and burns his birdskin to keep him human forever, but he explains to her that his life was in the birdskin. Kalmyk people Baira Goryaeva, expert on Kalmyk folklore, grouped tales about lost spouses (husbands and wives) under the same type of the Kalmyk tale corpus: type 400/1, "Муж ищет исчезнувшую или похищенную жену (жена ищет мужа)" ("Man searching for lost wife/Wife searching for lost husband"). She noted that the Mongol-Oirat tale "Имеющий птичью оболочку" fit the tale type she abstracted.Charles Fillingham Coxwell translated a Kalmyk variant with the title The Story of the Bird-Cage Husband: an old man lives with his three daughters in the "Land of the Lustrous Flower Gardens", and they spend their days grazing their buffalo. One day, their animal disappears. The elder sisters goes looking for it and reaches a large red portal that leads to a court. She passes by the red portal, then by a gate of mother-of-pearl and finally by a gate of emerald, and finds herself in a grand palace with a little bird sitting on a table. The little bird tells her it can reveal the fate of the buffalo, in exchange for her marrying him. She refuses. The middle sister passes by the same three portals and declines the same offer. The youngest sister agrees to become the bird's wife, and it returns the buffalo to her family. Some time later, an assembly of people gathers as part of a 13 days' visit to a divine image in a monastery. The girl goes to the asse.... Discover the Frederick Herman Martens popular books. Find the top 100 most popular Frederick Herman Martens books.

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    Emperor of Rome Marcus Aurelius

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    Melody Grace

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    Ivy Thorn

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    Kristin MacQueen

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    Jean Oram

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    Addy Osmani & GoLimitlesss

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    Nathaniel Hawthorne

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    Amelia Addler

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    Sybil Bartel

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    Alexandre Dumas

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    Roger Stelljes

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    Betty Rowlands

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    F. Scott Fitzgerald

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    Kimber White

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    Roma Cordon

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    Ben Leighton

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    Emily Brontë

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    Just Me

    Lexy Timms

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    His Own Heaven

    Jennie Kew

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    Jane Austen

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    Louisa May Alcott

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    Ines Johnson

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    A Christmas Carol

    Charles Dickens

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    Arthur Conan Doyle

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    Lexy Timms

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