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This paleomammalogy list records new fossil mammal taxa that were described during the year 2018, as well as notes other significant paleomammalogy discoveries and events which occurred during that year. Mammals in general A study on the morphological diversity of vertebral regions in non-mammalian synapsids, and on its implication for elucidating the evolution of anatomically distinct regions of the mammalian spines, is published by Jones et al. (2018). A study on the evolution of the mammalian jaw is published by Lautenschlager et al. (2018), who find no evidence for a concurrent reduction in jaw-joint stress and increase in bite force in key non-mammaliaform taxa in the cynodont–mammaliaform transition. A study on the structure and origin of the braincase sidewalls of monotremes, multituberculates and therians, based on data from extant and fossil mammals and non-mammalian cynodonts, is published by Crompton et al. (2018). Vertebrate burrows, interpreted as most likely constructed by mammals, are described from the Salt Wash Member of the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation (Utah, United States) by Raisanen & Hasiotis (2018), who name new ichnotaxa Daimonelix martini and Fractisemita henrii (the latter potentially representing the burrows of a social mammal). A study on diversification dynamics of the three major mammalian clades (multituberculates, metatherians and eutherians) in North America across the Cretaceous/Palaeogene boundary is published by Pires et al. (2018). A study on changes in mammalian faunal composition and structure during the earliest Paleogene biotic recovery, based on data from four localities in the Hell Creek Formation and Tullock Member of the Fort Union Formation (Montana, United States), is published by Smith et al. (2018). A high-resolution age model for mammalian turnover between the To2 and To3 substages of the Torrejonian across the San Juan Basin is presented by Leslie et al. (2018). A study on the mammalian extinction selectivity, continental body size distributions, and taxonomic diversity over five time periods spanning the past 125,000 years is published by Smith et al. (2018), who report evidence indicating that larger species of mammals were at greater risk of extinction following the global expansion of hominins over the late Quaternary, and that the degree of size-selectivity of mammalian extinctions in this period was unprecedented in the past 65 million years of mammalian evolution. A study on the relationship between extinctions of insular endemic mammal species in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene and their body mass, the size of the island and the first human arrival to the archipelago is published by Kouvari & van der Geer (2018). A study on the relationship between diversification rates and climatic niche evolution in mammals is published by Castro-Insua et al. (2018). A study on the dietary isotopic signatures recorded in tissues of herbivorous mammals, focusing on extant and fossil sloths, and evaluating the hypothesis that a single isotope enrichment pattern holds for all herbivorous mammals, is published by Tejada-Lara et al. (2018). A study on the temporal changes in the spatial differentiation of mammal faunas in China during the Cenozoic, and on the timing of the emergence of the modern spatially structured mammal faunas in China, is published by He et al. (2018). A study on the impact of discoveries of fossil mammals that preserve the ancestral or near-ancestral morphologies on resolution of differences between morphological and molecular estimates of mammal phylogeny is published by Beck & Baillie (2018). Metatherians A study on the changes of the global diversity of metatherians through time based on a new dataset of metatherian fossil occurrences is published by Bennett et al. (2018). Description of new dentary fossils referable to Eodelphis browni, and a study on the evolution of adaptations to durophagy in stagodontids, is published online by Brannick & Wilson (2018). A study on the morphological diversity of sparassodonts and its implications for the structure of the terrestrial carnivore guild from the middle Cenozoic of South America is published by Croft et al. (2018). Description of a partial skull of Allqokirus australis from the Paleocene Santa Lucía Formation (Bolivia) and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of this species is published by de Muizon et al. (2018), who name a new metatherian superorder Pucadelphyda. A study on the age of thylacine and Tasmanian devil fossils from the mainland Australia and their implications for estimating the time of extinction in mainland Australia for both species is published by White et al. (2018). A study on the phylogeography and demographic history of the thylacine during the late Pleistocene and Holocene is published by White, Mitchell & Austin (2018). A study on the phylogeography and demographic history of the Tasmanian devil across southern Australia over the last ≈30,000 years, based on genomes from 202 devils representing the extinct mainland and the extant Tasmanian populations, is published by Brüniche–Olsen et al. (2018). A study on the phylogenetic relationships of Palaeopotorous priscus is published by den Boer & Kear (2018), who interpret this taxon as a probable non-macropodoid macropodiform marsupial. Revision of the taxonomic status of fossil kangaroo relatives attributed to the genera Ganawamaya and Nambaroo is published by Butler et al. (2018), who also describe new fossil material of Ganawamaya couperi (formerly assigned to the genus Nambaroo), Ganawamaya acris and G. aediculis. A study on evolution of kangaroos during the last 25 million years, based on data from fossil teeth, is published by Couzens & Prideaux (2018). Description of hitherto missing elements in the skeleton of Thylacoleo carnifex and a study on the anatomy and biomechanics of the postcranial skeleton of this species is published by Wells & Camens (2018). Eutherians A study on the causes of the increase of body size in aquatic mammals, based on data on the body masses of living and fossil mammals, is published by Gearty, McClain & Payne (2018). A study on large mammal burrows from the Upper Miocene Cerro Azul Formation (Argentina), aiming to infer their likely producers and to interpret the taphonomic processes involved in the preservation of the burrow casts, is published by Cardonatto & Melchor (2018). A study on the diet and habitat of the Hemphillian equids Calippus hondurensis, Dinohippus mexicanus and Protohippus gidleyi, the gomphothere Gomphotherium hondurensis, and the llama Hemiauchenia vera from San Gerardo de Limoncito (Costa Rica) is published by Pérez-Crespo et al. (2018). A study on the evolution and interconnectedness of the mammal faunas living in the Old World savannas in the Neogene is published by Kaya et al. (2018). A study on the changes of the species richness of mammals from the Iberian Peninsula betw.... Discover the Kathlyn Toh popular books. Find the top 100 most popular Kathlyn Toh books.