Mark L Chambers Popular Books

Mark L Chambers Biography & Facts

Signal refers to both the process and the result of transmission of data over some media accomplished by embedding some variation. Signals are important in multiple subject fields including signal processing, information theory and biology. In signal processing, a signal is a function that conveys information about a phenomenon. Any quantity that can vary over space or time can be used as a signal to share messages between observers. The IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing includes audio, video, speech, image, sonar, and radar as examples of signals. A signal may also be defined as any observable change in a quantity over space or time (a time series), even if it does not carry information.In nature, signals can be actions done by an organism to alert other organisms, ranging from the release of plant chemicals to warn nearby plants of a predator, to sounds or motions made by animals to alert other animals of food. Signaling occurs in all organisms even at cellular levels, with cell signaling. Signaling theory, in evolutionary biology, proposes that a substantial driver for evolution is the ability of animals to communicate with each other by developing ways of signaling. In human engineering, signals are typically provided by a sensor, and often the original form of a signal is converted to another form of energy using a transducer. For example, a microphone converts an acoustic signal to a voltage waveform, and a speaker does the reverse.Another important property of a signal is its entropy or information content. Information theory serves as the formal study of signals and their content. The information of a signal is often accompanied by noise, which primarily refers to unwanted modifications of signals, but is often extended to include unwanted signals conflicting with desired signals (crosstalk). The reduction of noise is covered in part under the heading of signal integrity. The separation of desired signals from background noise is the field of signal recovery, one branch of which is estimation theory, a probabilistic approach to suppressing random disturbances. Engineering disciplines such as electrical engineering have advanced the design, study, and implementation of systems involving transmission, storage, and manipulation of information. In the latter half of the 20th century, electrical engineering itself separated into several disciplines: electronic engineering and computer engineering developed to specialize in the design and analysis of systems that manipulate physical signals, while design engineering developed to address the functional design of signals in user–machine interfaces. Definitions Definitions specific to sub-fields are common: In electronics and telecommunications, signal refers to any time-varying voltage, current, or electromagnetic wave that carries information. In signal processing, signals are analog and digital representations of analog physical quantities. In information theory, a signal is a codified message, that is, the sequence of states in a communication channel that encodes a message. In a communication system, a transmitter encodes a message to create a signal, which is carried to a receiver by the communication channel. For example, the words "Mary had a little lamb" might be the message spoken into a telephone. The telephone transmitter converts the sounds into an electrical signal. The signal is transmitted to the receiving telephone by wires; at the receiver it is reconverted into sounds. In telephone networks, signaling, for example common-channel signaling, refers to phone number and other digital control information rather than the actual voice signal.Classification Signals can be categorized in various ways. The most common distinction is between discrete and continuous spaces that the functions are defined over, for example, discrete and continuous-time domains. Discrete-time signals are often referred to as time series in other fields. Continuous-time signals are often referred to as continuous signals. A second important distinction is between discrete-valued and continuous-valued. Particularly in digital signal processing, a digital signal may be defined as a sequence of discrete values, typically associated with an underlying continuous-valued physical process. In digital electronics, digital signals are the continuous-time waveform signals in a digital system, representing a bit-stream. Signals may also be categorized by their spatial distributions as either point source signals (PSSs) or distributed source signals (DSSs). In Signals and Systems, signals can be classified according to many criteria, mainly: according to the different feature of values, classified into analog signals and digital signals; according to the determinacy of signals, classified into deterministic signals and random signals; according to the strength of signals, classified into energy signals and power signals. Analog and digital signals Two main types of signals encountered in practice are analog and digital. The figure shows a digital signal that results from approximating an analog signal by its values at particular time instants. Digital signals are quantized, while analog signals are continuous. Analog signal An analog signal is any continuous signal for which the time-varying feature of the signal is a representation of some other time varying quantity, i.e., analogous to another time varying signal. For example, in an analog audio signal, the instantaneous voltage of the signal varies continuously with the sound pressure. It differs from a digital signal, in which the continuous quantity is a representation of a sequence of discrete values which can only take on one of a finite number of values.The term analog signal usually refers to electrical signals; however, analog signals may use other mediums such as mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic. An analog signal uses some property of the medium to convey the signal's information. For example, an aneroid barometer uses rotary position as the signal to convey pressure information. In an electrical signal, the voltage, current, or frequency of the signal may be varied to represent the information. Any information may be conveyed by an analog signal; often such a signal is a measured response to changes in physical phenomena, such as sound, light, temperature, position, or pressure. The physical variable is converted to an analog signal by a transducer. For example, in sound recording, fluctuations in air pressure (that is to say, sound) strike the diaphragm of a microphone which induces corresponding electrical fluctuations. The voltage or the current is said to be an analog of the sound. Digital signal A digital signal is a signal that is constructed from a discrete set of waveforms of a physical quantity so as to represent a sequence of discrete values. A logic signal is a digital signal with only two possible values, and describes an arbitrary bit s.... Discover the Mark L Chambers popular books. Find the top 100 most popular Mark L Chambers books.

Best Seller Mark L Chambers Books of 2024

  • Wycliffe and How to Kill A Cat synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe and How to Kill A Cat

    W.J. Burley

    Another classic crime novel featuring Cornwall's Superintendent Wycliffe.The girl was young, with auburn hair arranged on the pillow. Wycliffe could almost believe she was asleep ...

  • Found Her synopsis, comments

    Found Her

    NJ Mackay

    The most gripping, emotional and redemptive psychological thriller of 2021 for fans of Erin Kinsley, Lisa Jewell, Louise Jensen, Phoebe Morgan, CL Taylor, Cara Hunter and KL Slate...

  • The Order of Things synopsis, comments

    The Order of Things

    Graham Hurley

    The fourth novel in the Jimmy Suttle series, from 'one of the UK's finest crime novelists' (INDEPENDENT ON SUNDAY), author of LAST FLIGHT TO STALINGRAD'There is noone writing bette...

  • Lost or Found synopsis, comments

    Lost or Found

    Graham Ison

    A wedding ring, a missing woman, a bizarre disappearance...Brock and Poole have one of their most unusual cases to unravel'Devilishly engaging characters and authentic details of p...

  • No Lovelier Death synopsis, comments

    No Lovelier Death

    Graham Hurley

    'There is no one writing better police procedurals today.' Daily TelegraphTwo murdered teenagers. Both sides of the law are looking for the killer.But who will get there first?A te...

  • Wycliffe and the Pea Green Boat synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe and the Pea Green Boat

    W.J. Burley

    Wycliffe tackles a case which reaches back down the generations ...When Cedric Tremain is charged with murdering his father by boobytrapping his fishing boat, all the locals are ag...

  • Wycliffe and the Three Toed Pussy synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe and the Three Toed Pussy

    W.J. Burley

    A case involving a dead woman with a deformed foot and a mysterious past requires all Superintendent Wycliffe's investigative skills.The peace of the village of Kergwyns in Cornwal...

  • Wycliffe and the House of Fear synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe and the House of Fear

    W.J. Burley

    A troubling disappearance. A puzzling mystery. A new investigation for Detective Wycliffe.Detective Superintendent Wycliffe is holidaying in Cornwall when he meets the intriguing K...

  • Happy Days synopsis, comments

    Happy Days

    Graham Hurley

    'There is no one writing better police procedurals today.' Daily TelegraphA war which throws the police into the front line: the reckoning awaits.D/I Faraday is gone and the police...

  • Wycliffe and the Scapegoat synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe and the Scapegoat

    W.J. Burley

    An ancient legend, an alltoo modern murder, and Chief Superintendent Wycliffe must find the link between them ...Every year, at Halloween, high on the Cornish cliffs, a lifesized e...

  • Buzz Riff synopsis, comments

    Buzz Riff

    HillFigure

    'Fast, funny and popping with surprises' Robert CraisTop Keirnan has got problems. The research firm he's been running out of his 30sera schoolhouse in Athens, Georgia, is beginni...

  • Wycliffe and the Cycle of Death synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe and the Cycle of Death

    W.J. Burley

    A respectable bookseller is found bludgeoned and strangled and it's up to Chief Superintendent Wycliffe to find out why . . .When Matthew Glynn is murdered, Wycliffe is mystified. ...

  • Western Approaches synopsis, comments

    Western Approaches

    Graham Hurley

    A body. A policeman. Over the edge...The launch of a stunning crime series from the author of LAST FLIGHT TO STALINGRADNo one liked Jake Kinsey. A rich man, he turned up out of now...

  • Wycliffe and the School Bullies synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe and the School Bullies

    W.J. Burley

    Bullying and persecution among a group of schoolgirls leads to violent retribution and a race against time for Wycliffe.Two very different young women have been murdered within the...

  • Wycliffe And The Guild Of Nine synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe And The Guild Of Nine

    W.J. Burley

    A murder at an artists' colony but not everyone wants Chief Superintendent Wycliffe to investigate . . .The artists' colony is at the site of a disused mine working on the moor we...

  • Wycliffe And The Last Rites synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe And The Last Rites

    W.J. Burley

    The Cornish Detective seriesA puzzling murder mystery. A tough new case for Detective Wycliffe to investigate.'You can always count on Wycliffe' FINANCIAL TIMES'GRIPPING' THE TIME...

  • Wycliffe and Death in Stanley Street synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe and Death in Stanley Street

    W.J. Burley

    A young girl is found dead in a house on Stanley Street... but it's just the start of a complex puzzle which Wycliffe must unravel.A dubious culdesac just off the busy main road in...

  • Wycliffe and the Beales synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe and the Beales

    W.J. Burley

    A mysterious death ... an eccentric family living on the edge of Dartmoor ... And Chief Superintendent Wycliffe has one of his most complex cases to date.The Cornish Detective seri...

  • Wycliffe and the Dead Flautist synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe and the Dead Flautist

    W.J. Burley

    Classic crime featuring the everpopular Chief Superintendent Wycliffe 'Another must for collectors' Sunday Times.On the peaceful and secluded estate of Lord and Lady Bottrell, th...

  • Sins of the Father synopsis, comments

    Sins of the Father

    Graham Hurley

    DS Jimmy Suttle investigates a murder in a house haunted by the past in the latest from 'one of the UK's finest crime novelists' (INDEPENDENT ON SUNDAY), author of LAST FLIGHT TO S...

  • Wycliffe and the Winsor Blue synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe and the Winsor Blue

    W.J. Burley

    A mysterious death in the Cornish art world and a murder investigation for Chief Superintendent Wycliffe...When Edwin Garland dies of a heart attack, no one outside the expectant ...

  • Wycliffe And The Redhead synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe And The Redhead

    W.J. Burley

    The Cornish Detective seriesThe discovery of a body in a quarry creates a baffling case for Detective Superintendent Wycliffe'Firstclass, oldtime, hyperingenious whodunit' OBSERVER...

  • Wycliffe and the Quiet Virgin synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe and the Quiet Virgin

    W.J. Burley

    Wycliffe investigates the disappearance of a young girl and becomes involved in a major criminal investigation . . .Chief Superintendent Wycliffe doubted whether he would enjoy hi...

  • The Scandal synopsis, comments

    The Scandal

    Mari Hannah

    'Brand new series. Same topnotch writing.' Eva DolanWhen a young man is found stabbed to death in a side street in Newcastle city centre in the run up to Christmas, it looks like a...

  • The Price of Darkness synopsis, comments

    The Price of Darkness

    Graham Hurley

    Graham Hurley's acclaimed crime series takes a step into the dark side as DC Winter wonders whether crime might pay...From the author of LAST FLIGHT TO STALINGRAD.DC Winter, sacked...

  • Wycliffe and the Four Jacks synopsis, comments

    Wycliffe and the Four Jacks

    W.J. Burley

    A murder committed in the night of dead. It's all a game for Detective Wycliffe to solve in a puzzling case.Writer David Cleeve lived exactly the way a bestselling novelist should ...