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Eureka Books Biography & Facts
Eureka (Ancient Greek: εὕρηκα, romanized: héurēka) is an interjection used to celebrate a discovery or invention. It is a transliteration of an exclamation attributed to Ancient Greek mathematician and inventor Archimedes. Etymology "Eureka" comes from the Ancient Greek word εὕρηκα heúrēka, meaning "I have found (it)", which is the first person singular perfect indicative active of the verb εὑρίσκω heurískō "I find". It is closely related to heuristic, which refers to experience-based techniques for problem-solving, learning, and discovery. Pronunciation The accent of the English word is on the second syllable, following Latin rules of accent, which require that a penult (next-to-last syllable) must be accented if it contains a long vowel. In the Greek pronunciation, the first syllable has a high pitch accent, because the Ancient Greek rules of accent do not force accent to the penult unless the ultima (last syllable) has a long vowel. The initial /h/ is dropped in modern Greek and in several other European languages, including Catalan, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, and English, but preserved in others, such as Finnish, Danish, and German. Archimedes The exclamation "Eureka!" is attributed to the ancient Greek scholar Archimedes. He reportedly proclaimed "Eureka! Eureka!" after he had stepped into a bath and noticed that the water level rose, whereupon he suddenly understood that the volume of water displaced must be equal to the volume of the part of his body he had submerged. (This relation is not what is known as Archimedes' principle—that deals with the upthrust experienced by a body immersed in a fluid.) He then realized that the volume of irregular objects could be measured with precision, a previously intractable problem. He is said to have been so eager to share his discovery that he leapt out of his bathtub and ran naked through the streets of Syracuse. Archimedes' insight led to the solution of a problem posed by Hiero of Syracuse, on how to assess the purity of an irregular golden votive crown; he had given his goldsmith the pure gold to be used, and correctly suspected he had been cheated by the goldsmith removing gold and adding the same weight of silver. Equipment for weighing objects with a fair amount of precision already existed, and now that Archimedes could also measure volume, their ratio would give the object's density, an important indicator of purity (as gold is nearly twice as dense as silver and therefore has significantly greater weight for the same volume). Authenticity This story first appeared in written form in Vitruvius's books of architecture, two centuries after it supposedly took place. Some scholars have doubted the accuracy of this tale, on the grounds that the votive crown was a fine item, thus an impure crown would displace water only minutely, compared to a pure one. Precise means needed to measure this minute difference was not available at the time. For the problem posed to Archimedes, though, there is a simple method which requires no precision equipment: using a balance, compare the weight of the crown against pure gold. While they are still suspended from the arms of the balance, simultaneously submerge the crown and the gold in water. If the volumes are the same, the balance remains in equilibrium, meaning that their densities are the same and therefore the crown must be pure gold. But if the density of the crown is less (due to being alloyed with another metal like silver), increased buoyancy of the crown results in imbalance. Galileo Galilei himself weighed in on the controversy, suggesting a design for a hydrostatic balance that could be used to compare the dry weight of an object with the weight of the same object submerged in water. Names and mottos California The expression is also the state motto of California, referring to the momentous discovery of gold near Sutter's Mill in 1848. The California State Seal has included the word eureka since its original design by Robert S. Garnett in 1850; the official text from that time describing the seal states that this word's meaning applies "either to the principle involved in the admission of the State or the success of the miner at work". In 1957 the state legislature attempted to make "In God We Trust" the state motto as part of the same post WWII anti-Communist movement that successfully added the term "under God" to the American Pledge of Allegiance in 1954, but this attempt did not succeed and "Eureka" was made the official motto in 1963. The city of Eureka, California, founded in 1850, uses the California State Seal as its official seal. Eureka is a considerable distance from Sutter's Mill, but was the jumping off point of a smaller gold rush in nearby Trinity County, California in 1850. It is the largest of at least eleven remaining US cities and towns named for the exclamation, "eureka!". As a result of the extensive use of the exclamation dating from 1849, there were nearly 40 locales so named by the 1880s in a nation that had none in the 1840s. Many places, works of culture, and other objects have since been named "Eureka"; see Eureka (disambiguation) for a list. Australia "Eureka" was also associated with a gold rush in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia. The Eureka Stockade was a revolt in 1854 by gold miners against unjust mining license fees and a brutal administration supervising the miners. The rebellion demonstrated the refusal of the workers to be dominated by unfair government and laws. The Eureka Stockade has often been referred to as the "birth of democracy" in Australia. Mathematics Another mathematician, Carl Friedrich Gauss, echoed Archimedes when in 1796 he wrote in his diary, "ΕΥΡΗΚΑ! num = Δ + Δ + Δ", referring to his discovery that any positive integer could be expressed as the sum of at most three triangular numbers. This result is now known as Gauss' Eureka theorem and is a special case of what later became known as the Fermat polygonal number theorem. See also Heuristic – Problem-solving method Eureka effect – Human experience of suddenly understanding a previously incomprehensible problem or concept Serendipity – Unplanned, fortunate discovery References. Discover the Eureka Books popular books. Find the top 100 most popular Eureka Books books.
Best Seller Eureka Books Books of 2024
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The Forgotten Rebels of Eureka
Clare WrightWinner of the Stella Prize, 2014. The Eureka Stockade. The story is one of Australia's foundation legends, but until now it has been told as though only half the participants were ...
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Embrace Your Weird
Felicia DayAn instant New York Times bestsellerIn Embrace Your Weird, New York Times bestselling author, producer, actress, TV writer, and awardwinning web series creator, Felicia Day takes y...
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Eureka
Jim LehrerBONUS: This edition contains an excerpt from Jim Lehrer's Tension City. Ever reliable and responsible, Otis Halstead is a father, a husband (one half of a “welldressed couple of s...
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Eureka Seven, Vol. 5
Jinsei KataokaRenton has a boring life of lifting [aerial hoverboarding] and living in the shadow of his legendary father, Adrock Thurston. One day his life changes when a LFO called Nirvash cra...
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Eureka Seven, Vol. 1
Jinsei KataokaRenton Thurston is a young 14yearold who is tired of his monotonous life. His feelings of frustration come from his life of toil in his grandfather's garage and being the son of an...
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Eureka Springs, Arkansas
Rachel JohnsonEureka Springs, Arkansas is a town I had never heard of. Yet, once I had been there I wanted to go back. It is a town with a lot of history, a ghost story, and a place that has s...
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Eureka
William DiehlEureka. It’s what you say when you strike gold. It’s also a town in California where the truth might be buried forever.In New York Times bestselling author William Diehl’s thrillin...
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Eureka Seven, Vol. 6
Jinsei KataokaRenton has a boring life of lifting (aerial hoverboarding) and living in the shadow of his legendary father, Adrock Thurston. One day his life changes when a LFO called Nirvash cra...
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The Eureka Key
Sarah L. ThomsonWhen middle school puzzle master Sam and history wiz Martina win a contest for a summer trip across the US, they discover they've been drafted into something vastly more extrao...
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Eureka Seven, Vol. 4
Jinsei KataokaRenton has a boring life of lifting (aerial hoverboarding) and living in the shadow of his legendary father, Adrock Thurston. One day his life changes when a LFO called Nirvash cra...
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How to Teach Quantum Physics to Your Dog
Chad OrzelLearn the basics of quantum physics with this clever, fun, and lighthearted introduction to modern physics based on a series of conversations with Chad Orzel and his dog Emmy.When ...
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Eureka
Edgar Allan PoeInitially composed by Poe as a public lecture towards the end of his career and considered by him the culmination of all his life’s work, Eureka is an extended treatise about the c...
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Eureka
Edgar Allan PoeEuréka est un essai métaphysique, philosophique, cosmogonique d’Edgar Allan Poe. Méconnu en France, cet essai est pourtant l’ouvrage qui compta le plus pour à la fin de sa vie. Com...
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The Eureka City Bride
Cynthia WoolfVivien Fitzhugh gave up her Pinkerton badge to track her best friend’s murderer. His last known location is Eureka City, Nevada. Ninetynine percent of the population are either men...
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The Purpose Driven Life
Eureka BooksThe Purpose Driven Life by Rick Warren | Key Takeaways, Analysis & Review Description: PLEASE NOTE: THIS IS A COMPANION TO THE BOOK AND NOT THE ORIGINAL BO...
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A Curious Mind by Brian Grazer and Charles Fishman A Review
EurekaA Curious Mind by Brian Grazer and Charles Fishman | A Review A Curious Mind, by Brian Grazer and Charles Fishman, is an examination of the impact of curiosity on Grazer's l...
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Brain Maker by Dr. David Perlmutter and Kristin Loberg A Review
EurekaBrain Maker by Dr. David Perlmutter and Kristin Loberg | A Review<br> <br> <i>Brain Maker</i> details the complex microbiome that lives in the human gut an...
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Eureka Seven, Vol. 3
Jinsei KataokaRenton has a boring life of lifting (aerial hoverboarding) and living in the shadow of his legendary father, Adrock Thurston. One day his life changes when a LFO called Nirvash cra...
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The Eureka Gambit
Philip BosshardtHitler has approved a plot to abduct Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill as they arrive for the Teheran Conference in November 1943. The plot involves ransoming off the lives of the Bi...
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Eureka
Pao MolinaDinero, placer, fiestas y, mi pasión: las apuestas. Esa es la mundana vida que llevo en Miami, una que podría definirse como un desmadre en todo su esplendor, pero así me gusta a m...
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Eureka Street
Robert McLiam WilsonBelfast, Irlanda del Nord, 1994. In una città ridotta a un campo di battaglia, Chuckie e Jake, protestante il primo, cattolico l’altro, sono legati da profonda amicizia. Chuckie, a...
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Eureka Seven, Vol. 2
Jinsei KataokaRenton has a boring life of lifting (aerial hoverboarding) and living in the shadow of his legendary father, Adrock Thurston. One day his life changes when a LFO called Nirvash cra...
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Eureka
Gavin WeightmanTracing the long prehistory of five twentiethcentury inventions which have transformed our lives, Gavin Weightman reveals a fantastic cast of scientists and inspired amateurs whose...
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Eureka
Antonio CianciL'ombrello, l'apriscatole, la carta igienica, il cellulare: oggetti che ci hanno semplificato la vita e a cui non facciamo più caso. Ci sembra che siano sempre esistiti, eppure anc...
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Eureka
Edgar Allan PoeEureka Edgar Allan Poe, écrivain américain (18091849) Ce livre numérique présente «Eureka», de Edgar Allan Poe, édité en texte intégral. Une table des matières dynamique permet d'a...
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H is for Hawk by Helen Macdonald A Review
EurekaThis is a Review of H is for Hawk H is for Hawk is a memoir by Helen Macdonald. Macdonald had a lifelong fascination with birds of prey, especially falcons, and the goshawk,...
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Eureka Man
Patrick MiddletonHandsome and headstrong high school senior Oliver Priddy is on a downward path. A stint in reform school ends in murder when Oliver kills a vicious bully who brutally assaults him....