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The VG engine is a family of V6 engines designed and produced by Nissan between 1983 and 2004. Nissan's and Japan's first mass-produced V6, the iron block/aluminum head 60° VG engine was produced in displacements between 2.0 and 3.3 liters. Early versions used SOHC cylinder heads with two valves per cylinder; later models featured DOHC cylinder heads, four valves per cylinder, a slightly different engine block and N-VCT, Nissan's own version of variable valve timing, delivering a smoother idle and more torque at low to medium engine speeds. Both production blocks and head castings were used successfully in the Nissan GTP ZX-Turbo and NPT-90 race cars which won the IMSA GT Championship three years in a row. Origins Development of the VG series began in 1979 by Nissan Machinery, a former member of the Nissan Group keiretsu. The objective was to replace the inline 6 Nissan L engine, which traces its roots back to the Mercedes-Benz M180 engine introduced in 1951, with an all-new V6. Nissan engineers wanted the VG to have improved performance, fuel economy, reliability, and refinement, while being both lighter and more compact than its predecessor. The resulting engine was designed by Nissan from scratch, and shared few mechanical components with its predecessor, or with any other automaker. Extensive computer design techniques were used during development, which made the VG series one of the most advanced and high-tech engines of its day. It featured a sequential multi-port fuel injection system, and Nissan's Electronic Concentrated Control System (ECCS). ECCS used a microprocessor and an oxygen sensor to control fuel delivery, spark timing, exhaust gas recirculation rate, and engine idle speed, depending on the current operating conditions of the engine. This system reduced carbon emissions, improved fuel economy, and improved engine performance during cold-start and warm-up conditions. The advantages of the VG engine over its inline 6 predecessor was that its V6 configuration would have greater torsional rigidity for higher performance potential, and its shorter length would give Nissan designers and engineers more freedom for vehicle design, allowing for both more frontal crush zone space and transverse mounting for front-wheel-drive vehicles. All VG engines use a timing belt to synchronize the camshafts with the crankshaft rather than a timing chain. The VG series engine was put into thousands of Nissan vehicles, debuting in Japan in the 1983 Nissan Gloria/Nissan Cedric, and in the US and other markets in the 1984 Nissan 300ZX. When the Nissan VQ engine was introduced in 1994, the VG engine was slowly phased out in Nissan cars, and after 2002 it was only available in the Nissan Frontier and Nissan Xterra. The VG engine was retired in 2004, by which time all V6-powered Nissans had switched to the VQ. VG20E The VG20E is a 1,998 cc (2.0 L) SOHC engine produced from 1984 on. It produces between 115 PS (85 kW; 113 hp) and 125 PS (92 kW; 123 hp) net. In the earlier gross rating system, early eighties' models claim 130 PS (96 kW; 128 hp). Applications: 1983–1987 Nissan Gloria/Nissan Cedric Y30 1987–1999 Nissan Gloria/Nissan Cedric Wagon/Van Y30 1986-1988 Nissan Bluebird Maxima U11 1986-1992 Nissan Leopard F31 1987–2002 Nissan Gloria/Nissan Cedric Y31 1991–1995 Nissan Gloria/Nissan Cedric Y32 1996–2002 Nissan Gloria/Nissan Cedric Y33 1997-1999 Nissan Leopard JY33 2000–2005 Hongqi Century Star - based on Hongqi CA7180 and 7202 Audi 100 based VG20ET The VG20ET was based on the VG20E, but with an added an Variable-geometry turbocharger. The VG20ET produces 170 hp (127 kW). This SOHC motor debuted at the same time as the VG20E. Also coming with the Y30, this motor was known as the "Jet Turbo", and came with the Nissan Leopard models XS, and XS-II Grand Selection. Contrary to the VG30ET that came out in the US, the VG20ET came with an intercooler in certain models to push the horsepower output to 155 PS (114 kW; 153 hp), a great jump from the normally aspirated VG20E. The turbo included with the VG20ET had two different settings. At low speeds, the turbo's wastegate would stay closed improving the response at low rpm. At high speeds, the flap would stay open, decreasing resistance and increasing exhaust flow. At its maximum flow, the flap would open at an angle of 27 degrees, while the A/R ranged from 0.21–0.77. Being that the VG20ET had a short stroke 78 mm × 69.7 mm (3.07 in × 2.74 in), it was thought to have insufficient low end torque. Nevertheless, the VG20ET was a great improvement over the VG20E. Applications: 1984–1989 Nissan 200Z (Z31) 1984–1989 Nissan 200ZG (Z31) 1984–1989 Nissan 200ZS (Z31) 1984–1989 Nissan Laurel Medallist (C32) 1986–1988 Nissan Leopard (F31) 1984–1990 Nissan Bluebird (PU11) VG20DET The VG20DET is an DOHC 1,998 cc (2.0 L) engine with a ceramic turbocharger and intercooler. It has a bore and a stroke of 78 mm × 69.7 mm (3.07 in × 2.74 in) and produces 210 PS (154 kW; 207 hp). This engine features NVTCS (Nissan's Valve Timing Control System). Applications: 1987—1999 Nissan Gloria/Nissan Cedric (Y31) 1988.08—1992.06 Nissan Leopard (F31) VG20P The VG20P is the Autogas (Liquified petroleum gas) version of the VG20. It produces 99 PS (73 kW; 98 hp) at 5,600 rpm and 149 N⋅m (110 lb⋅ft) at 2,400 rpm. Later versions (2004–2005) produce 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp) at 6,000 rpm and 152 N⋅m (112 lb⋅ft) at 2,400 rpm. It is an overhead cam, twelve-valve engine. Applications: 1987–2005 Nissan Cedric Y31 VG30S The VG30S is a 2,960 cc (3.0 L) SOHC twelve-valve engine with an electronic carburettor which produces 148 PS (109 kW; 146 hp) at 4,800 rpm and 234 N⋅m (173 lb⋅ft) at 3,600 rpm. This engine was mainly offered in export markets with more lenient environmental regulations, such as the Middle East and Africa. Applications: Nissan Cedric Y31 Nissan Laurel C32 VG30i The VG30i is a 2,960 cc (3.0 L) engine produced from 1986 through 1989. It features a throttle body fuel injection system. It has a long crank snout, a cylinder head temperature sensor positioned behind the timing belt cover, and a knock sensor in the cylinder valley (on California models only). It produces 140 PS (103 kW; 138 hp) at 4,800 rpm and 226 N⋅m (167 lb⋅ft) at 2,800 rpm. Applications: 1986–1989 D21 Hardbody Truck 1986–1989 Nissan Pathfinder/Nissan Terrano VG30E The 2,960 cc (3.0 L) VG30E produced 153 hp (114 kW) and 182 lb⋅ft (247 N⋅m). Bore and stroke is 87 mm × 83 mm (3.43 in × 3.27 in). In the 300ZX, it produced 160 hp (119 kW) and 173 lb⋅ft (235 N⋅m) of torque. In April 1987 the "W" series VG30 was released, adding 5 horsepower but leaving torque unchanged. In 1989, the Maxima received the 160 hp (119 kW) rating, but also used a variable intake plenum improving torque to 182 lb⋅ft (247 N⋅m) at 3200 rpm. Applications: 1984–1989 Nissan 300ZX 160 / 165 hp (119 / 123 kW) 9.0:1 compression ratio for NA 1984–1989 Nissan Laurel 1985–1994 Nissan Maxima 160 hp (119 kW) 1987–1988 Nis.... Discover the Julian Edgar popular books. Find the top 100 most popular Julian Edgar books.