Mary Anning (21 May 1799 – 9 March 1847) was an English fossil collector, dealer, and palaeontologist who became known around the world for the discoveries she made in Jurassic marine fossil beds in the cliffs along the English Channel at Lyme Regis in the county of Dorset in Southwest England. Anning's findings contributed to changes in scientific thinking about prehistoric life and the history of the Earth. Anning searched for fossils in the area's Blue Lias and Charmouth Mudstone cliffs, particularly during the winter months when landslides exposed new fossils that had to be collected quickly before they were lost to the sea. Her discoveries included the first correctly identified ichthyosaur skeleton when she was twelve years old; the first two nearly complete plesiosaur skeletons; the first pterosaur skeleton located outside Germany; and fish fossils. Her observations played a key role in the discovery that coprolites, known as bezoar stones at the time, were fossilised faeces, and she also discovered that belemnite fossils contained fossilised ink sacs like those of modern cephalopods. Anning struggled financially for much of her life. As a woman, she was not eligible to join the Geological Society of London and she did not always receive full credit for her scientific contributions. However, her friend, geologist Henry De la Beche, who painted Duria Antiquior, the first widely circulated pictorial representation of a scene from prehistoric life derived from fossil reconstructions, based it largely on fossils Anning had found and sold prints of it for her benefit. Anning became well known in geological circles in Britain, Europe, and America, and was consulted on issues of anatomy as well as fossil collecting. The only scientific writing of hers published in her lifetime appeared in the Magazine of Natural History in 1839, an extract from a letter that Anning had written to the magazine's editor questioning one of its claims. After her death in 1847, Anning's unusual life story attracted increasing interest. An anonymous article about Anning's life was published in February 1865 in Charles Dickens' literary magazine All the Year Round. The profile, "Mary Anning, The Fossil Finder," was long attributed to Dickens himself but, in 2014, historians of palaeontology Michael A. Taylor and Hugh S. Torrens identified Henry Stuart Fagan as the author, noting that Fagan's work was "neither original nor reliable" and "introduced errors into the Anning literature which are still problematic." Specifically, they noted that Fagan had largely and inaccurately plagiarized his article from an earlier account of Anning's life and work by Dorset native Henry Rowland Brown, from the second edition of Brown's 1859 guidebook, The Beauties of Lyme Regis. Life and career Early childhood Mary Anning was born in Lyme Regis in Dorset, England, on 21 May 1799. Her father, Richard Anning (c.1766–1810), was a cabinetmaker and carpenter who supplemented his income by mining the coastal cliff-side fossil beds near the town, and selling his finds to tourists; her mother was Mary Moore (c.1764–1842) known as Molly. Anning's parents married on 8 August 1793 in Blandford Forum and moved to Lyme, living in a house built on the town's bridge. They attended the Dissenter chapel on Coombe Street, whose worshippers initially called themselves independents and later became known as Congregationalists. Shelley Emling writes that the family lived so near to the sea that the same storms that swept along the cliffs to reveal the fossils sometimes flooded the Annings' home, on one occasion forcing them to crawl out of an upstairs bedroom window to avoid drowning. Molly and Richard had ten children. The first child, also Mary, was born in 1794. She was followed by another daughter, who died almost at once; Joseph in 1796; and another son in 1798, who died in infancy. In December that year, the oldest child, (the first Mary) then four years old, died after her clothes caught fire, possibly while adding wood shavings to the fire. The incident was reported in the Bath Chronicle on 27 December 1798: "A child, four years of age of Mr. R. Anning, a cabinetmaker of Lyme, was left by the mother for about five minutes ... in a room where there were some shavings ... The girl's clothes caught fire and she was so dreadfully burnt as to cause her death."When Anning was born five months later, she was thus named Mary after her dead sister. More children were born after her, but none of them survived more than a year or two. Only the second Mary Anning and her brother Joseph, who was three years older than her, survived to adulthood. The high childhood mortality rate for the Anning family was not unusual. Almost half the children born in the UK in the 19th century died before the age of five, and in the crowded living conditions of early 19th-century Lyme Regis, infant deaths from diseases like smallpox and measles were common.On 19 August 1800, when Anning was 15 months old, an event occurred that became part of local lore. She was being held by a neighbour, Elizabeth Haskings, who was standing with two other women under an elm tree watching an equestrian show being put on by a travelling company of horsemen when lightning struck the tree – killing all three women below. Onlookers rushed the infant home where she was revived in a bath of hot water. A local doctor declared her survival miraculous. Anning's family said she had been a sickly baby before the event but afterwards she seemed to blossom. For years afterwards members of her community would attribute the child's curiosity, intelligence and lively personality to the incident.Anning's education was extremely limited, but she was able to attend a Congregationalist Sunday school, where she learned to read and write. Congregationalist doctrine, unlike that of the Church of England at the time, emphasised the importance of education for the poor. Her prized possession was a bound volume of the Dissenters' Theological Magazine and Review, in which the family's pastor, the Reverend James Wheaton, had published two essays, one insisting that God had created the world in six days, the other urging dissenters to study the new science of geology. Fossils as a family business By the late 18th century, Lyme Regis had become a popular seaside resort, especially after 1792 when the outbreak of the French Revolutionary Wars made travel to the European mainland dangerous for the English gentry, and increasing numbers of wealthy and middle-class tourists were arriving there. Even before Anning's time, locals supplemented their income by selling what were called "curios" to visitors. These were fossils with colourful local names such as "snake-stones" (ammonites), "devil's fingers" (belemnites), and "verteberries" (vertebrae), to which were sometimes attributed medicinal and mystical properties. Fossil collecting was in vogue in the late 18th and early 19th centu.... Discover the Mary Ann Clark popular books. Find the top 100 most popular Mary Ann Clark books.
She’s the woman he can’t live without. The one he can’t risk screwing up their relationship by sleeping with her. Linc Kingston doesn’t accept anything less than perfection. ...
"The best feel-good romcom you need right now." Goodreads reviewer A mistaken arrest, an unpaid debt, and a trip to Vegas. Living in a small town where everyone knows your business isn't eas...
Here’s everything you need to know about iPad, straight from Apple. This definitive guide helps you get started using iPad with iPadOS 15 and discover all the amazing things it can do.
Carter Morelli works alone, but his orders are clear. Pilot the small aircraft carrying the renowned photographer to a remote island. June Porter wants to stay on solid land. She doesn't...
Think and Grow Rich is one of the most popular success book of all-time, having sold more than 60 million copies since it was first published more than 70 years ago. It&...
She's his little sister's best friend. Completely off limits. And now they're working together. Jaxon Green 's plans to offer a summer camp for kids at his thoroughbred training ...
How to Finally Overcome the Hurdles of Manifesting Proven, effective and enjoyable ways to help you manifest faster… Right now, think of something that makes you successful. If you have so...
‘I was hooked from page one and couldn’t put it down until I’d reached the end. The twists and turns just keep coming … will have you gasping in surprise.’ Goodreads Reviewer...
Would you like to instantly catch people's thoughts, emotions, motivations, and intentions through mere observation? If yes, you've come to the right place! 10-Minute So...
A human female born into a breeding manor never has a choice…I am a slave, but at least I am alive. When the man with wings and scales gave me a second choice—I took it. I'll do what I m...
From USA TODAY Bestselling Author, Lexy Timms, comes a billionaire romance that'll crank up the heat and have you falling in love all over again. Jamie Connors has given up on finding a man....
A woman of no importance, she manoeuvres in her restricted circumstances as her long-time love Captain Wentworth did in the wars. Even though she is nearly thirty, well past the sell-by bloo...
An awkward girl's account of inexperience, sexual mishaps, and too much tequila... Needing a change, Rayne Meyers—a.k.a. Calamity Rayne—sets out to be a personal assistant for one of the...
Bestselling Erotica Author Brenda Blanchard Is Giving Away a Collection of Some of Her Best Work! "Explicit Erotic Sex Short Stories" by Brenda Blanchard gives you a sneak peek into the sedu...
Aspiring college athlete Aileen Nessa is finding the recruiting process beyond daunting. Being ranked #10 in the world for the 100m hurdles at the age of eighteen is not a fluke, even though...
May the best chef win... After four years at the country’s top culinary school and several years as head chef in her mother’s restaurant, Rowan Townsend has built a notable reputation. H...
Shelby Hunt has the perfect life, married to the perfect man. At least, that’s what anyone would think, looking at her. They couldn’t possibly know about the past five years of lonely ni...
An Apple Books Classic edition. Jane Austen’s beloved classic opens with this witty and very memorable line: “It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a...
He's the most notorious rake in England. She's a Perfect Lady. Their secrets will come tumbling out. . . A sexy opposites attract fake engagement romance! Lady Emily can't afford a scandal. ...
Unlock the secrets to developing self-confidence and unleash your true potential! James Turnbull's new book is primarily written as a short pocket-book guide for people with busy lives to ta...
Christie Ryan is happy in her life... or so she tells herself. Despite a tragic childhood, she has built a satisfying career and loves her city apartment. But deep down she yearns for a simp...
He tasted like tequila and the fake name I gave him was Rose. Four years ago, I decided to get over one man, by getting under another. A single night and nothing more. I found my handsome st...
The Vegas heat just kicked up a notch with the arrival of ice hockey’s newest expansion team – the Sin City Saints. Maverick Hagen’s fall from grace was more like a crash landing. His ...
What happens when a Dragon doesn't brush his teeth? Well...We all heard about the ''dragon's breath''. That's why learning proper dental care is really important for a little boy and h...
Note to Self --Do NOT bang your best guy friend in the limo on the way to the swanky Vegas hotel. I give myself very good advice. Too bad I suck at taking it. If only Colin and I hadn't ...
Perma-single Amy Clarke prides herself on three things: her pink hair, her Converse collection, and her ability to drink copious amounts of margarita without puking. She isn’t looking for ...
An attempted murder. A missing spouse. And an international conspiracy that could change the world. Jack Green has always been skeptical of so-called facts. Though he's forced to confront th...
New York Times bestseller! Get ready for another binge-worthy romance from international bestselling author Elle Kennedy! Everyone says opposites attract. And they must be right, because the...
Rosy Winter is definitely not looking for love. Following heartbreak, Rosy has rebuilt her life in the beautiful Cornish village of Penmenna. Now headmistress of the local school, she is liv...
Matchmaker Rule #1: Never fall in love with the client. After working my way to the top, I'm in the running to become the CEO of Southern California's premier matchmaking service. All I have...
Book I of the popular Miranda's Rights Mystery series by bestselling author Linsey Lanier. A woman can never make herself too tough, too strong, or too street smart. THE SEARCHIN...
Yeah, I'm trouble...so what? Women like it. That and my big...bank account. Not to mention my, ah, silver tongue. I'm the prince of my world, right up until the king gets upset. My f...
Moonrise Key. Playground of the rich and famous . As the owner of a successful security firm, Jack Landry has a reputation for being ruthless and coldly efficient. He's never backed dow...
The much-anticipated sequel to In Sight of the Mountain! After Anna Gallagher's first climb on Mt. Rainier, she faces a new challenge—enduring the ridicule and threats that come with break...
Here’s everything you need to know about Apple Watch and the Apple Watch app on iPhone, straight from Apple. This definitive guide helps you get started using Apple Watch with watchOS 8 an...
Abandoned at the altar, Max, Lord Belvedere believes he's evaded family obligation in favour of a life of adventuring in Africa. But his ailing Aunt Euphemia has other ideas. When Max finds ...
FBI Agent Ella Dark has studied serial killers from the time she could read, devastated by the murder of her own sister. With her photographic memory, she has obtained an encyclopedic knowle...
Kids feel emotions in big ways! Here's a great story for helping kids manage their feelings. * Help children learn to identify and regulate their ...
“I didn’t just imply that you weren’t welcome. I’m making sure you know that’s the case.” Don’t miss the incredible first standalone in this unputdownable series th...
Big, bad, and currently out of his element... Odin Shaw thought he’d spend his life on a battlefield. But fate had other plans, and now the former Special Forces operative has just landed ...
‘ What a wonderful read this was! ... The definition of feel-good – reading it felt like sunshine… The first ‘feel good’ novel I’ve read this year that actually made me feel good...
When we are baffled by the insanity of the “other side”—in our politics, at work, or at home—it’s because we aren’t seeing how the conflict itself has taken over. That’s what ...
The woman's killing me. I'm not the kind of man who would normally even consider blurring the lines between landlord and tenant or boss and employee, but Summer is a walking temptation. Neur...
NICE GUYS CAN PLAY DIRTY TOO . . . 'Give me a week. Seven days and seven nights. I'll show you what it's like to be with a nice guy.' Chelsea's housemate Tom is tired of her complaining abou...
Leonidas is a Dragon Prince of the House of Smoke… and he is cursed. Falling in love was never in the cards for Leonidas. An angry witch made sure of that—if he loses his heart, he loses...
A ROYAL FARCE is the hilarious first book in the Retail to Riches series, which follows a plucky big box store employee on her journey from fighting to pay the bills to discovering she’s m...
What motivates us into doing or avoiding things? Why do our predictions not reflect reality? Traditional economics claims humans are rational actors. But is this true? Think about the ...
What happens after your dreams come true? Patisserie-Chef Stevie is stuck in a rut. Her beloved Great Aunt Peggy has passed away and she’s lost both her job and the love of her life. Then ...
Her daughter has a dark secret. One that will turn their perfect small town upside down. Now she's missing. Mandy Knox can't shake the gut wrenching feeling that something sinister hap...
Listen The Richest Man in Babylon - George S. Clason audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen Finding Me - Viola Davis audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen Never Split the Difference - Chris Voss & Tahl Raz audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen The Paris Apartment - Lucy Foley audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen Breath: The New Science of a Lost Art (Unabridged) - James Nestor audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen The Laws of Human Nature (Unabridged) - Robert Greene audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen The Devil's Hand (Unabridged) - Jack Carr audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen Untamed (Unabridged) - Glennon Doyle audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen The Last Thing He Told Me (Unabridged) - Laura Dave audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen Daisy Jones & The Six: A Novel (Unabridged) - Taylor Jenkins Reid audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen Kitchen Confidential: Adventures in the Culinary Underbelly (Unabridged) - Anthony Bourdain audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen The 6:20 Man - David Baldacci audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen The Body Keeps the Score: Brain, Mind, and Body in the Healing of Trauma (Unabridged) - Bessel van der Kolk, M.D. audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People (Unabridged) - Stephen R. Covey audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen Silva Mind Control Method (Unabridged) - Jose Silva audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen Locked Up Liars: A Dark Reverse Harem Romance - Elle Thorpe audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen Badass Habits: Cultivate the Awareness, Boundaries, and Daily Upgrades You Need to Make Them Stick (Unabridged) - Jen Sincero audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen Rising Tiger (Unabridged) - Brad Thor audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen How to Change Your Mind: What the New Science of Psychedelics Teaches Us About Consciousness, Dying, Addiction, Depression, and Transcendence (Unabridged) - Michael Pollan audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen Endure - Cameron Hanes audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen A Family Affair - Robyn Carr audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen The End of the World is Just the Beginning - Peter Zeihan audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen Reminders of Him: A Novel (Unabridged) - Colleen Hoover audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen The Midnight Library: A Novel (Unabridged) - Matt Haig audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen Locked Up Liars: Saint View Prison, Book 1 (Unabridged) - Elle Thorpe audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen Atlas of the Heart: Mapping Meaningful Connection and the Language of Human Experience (Unabridged) - Brené Brown audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen Verity (Unabridged) - Colleen Hoover audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen The Wrong Side of Goodbye - Michael Connelly audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen The Hobbit - J.R.R. Tolkien audiobook, mp3 download.
Listen In the Blood (Unabridged) - Jack Carr audiobook, mp3 download.