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Al-Qamar (Arabic: القمر, romanized: al-qamar, lit. 'The Moon') is the 54th chapter (surah) of the Quran, with 55 verses (ayat).The Surah was revealed in Mecca. The opening verses refer to the splitting of the moon. "Qamar" (قمر), meaning "Moon" in Arabic, is also a common name among Muslims. Summary 1-2 The Hour has come closer and moon has been split, disbelievers dismiss it as magic 3-5 The disbelievers reject the Quran and warnings, instead choosing to follow their own desires. 6 This verse talked about the prophecy where the infidels shall surely be overtaken suddenly by the voice of judgment day (which spoken by Israfil, archangel who blow the trumpet of armageddon). 7 Infidels were said to regret in that judgment day. 8 The infidels were gathered to Israfil. 9-14 Noah was charged with imposture by his enemies, who were destroyed by the flood 15-18 Noah's Ark, like the Quran, a sign to unbelievers who will not be warned 19-22 The Ádites destroyed for calling their prophet an impostor 23-32 The Thamud destroyed for rejecting their prophet as an impostor 33-40 The Sodomites destroyed because they rejected Lot as an impostor 41-42 Pharaoh and his people destroyed for rejecting Moses as an impostor 43-44 The people of Mecca warned by these examples of coming judgment 45 The verse talks about divine intervention from God in the Battle of Badr, where the fewer and weaker Muslims won against the much bigger and stronger Meccan polytheists.. The consensus of Islamic scholars and clerics encloses various hadiths to interpret this divine intervention as taking the form as an army of angels, which came down led by Gabriel, Michael, Raphael and thousands of best angels from the third level of sky. 46-48 The people of Mecca warned by these examples of coming judgment 49-51 God's decree certain and irresistible—illustrated by destruction of former nations 52-53 All actions recorded in the Divine records 54-55 The pious shall dwell in the gardens of Paradise. Significance of Al-Qamar Al-Qamar, meaning "moon" in Arabic, is an important title for surah 54. The first verse is traditionally thought to refer to a miracle performed by the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the Meccan phase of his career, in which he showed the moon split in two in response to a challenge from his opponents. The disbelieving response is then recorded in the second verse "But if they see a sign they turn away and say 'Continuous sorcery!'" Several reports concerning this incident are contained in canonical hadith books, traced back to various Companions. According to those who downplay the miraculous, on the other hand, it foreshadows the inevitable Day of Judgment that will divide those who believe from those who disbelieve—those who are destined to Paradise and those who are destined to Hell. Because this Meccan surah's primary theme centers around the fate of those who disbelieve, the symbolic use of the moon is meant to warn the disbelievers of their impending fate in the first verse, as “the hour draws near; the moon is split”. Additionally, the crescent moon acts as a vital symbol of Islam and thus, in this instance, may denote the importance of the emerging religion, as lunar cycles determine the structure of the Islamic calendar. Chronology Surah 54 is wholly Meccan, as its verses “demonstrate complex reference and demanding grammatical connections to surrounding verses”. Indeed, it is a mixture of exclamatory statements and rhetorical questions directed towards Muhammad, which is yet another reference to the surah's Meccan nature. That God directly addresses Muhammad with personal pronouns, “you” and “your” and differentiates the unbelieving audience from His personal addresses to Muhammad with “they” and “them” strongly indicates that Islam was still in the development phase and that God did not yet have a particularized audience to address. Instead, God merely warns Muhammad of the possible responses that will result from his efforts to spread His message and the resultant punishment that He will inflict upon those who refuse to believe. Officially, this surah is believed to be the thirty-seventh surah revealed to Muhammad, as the Egyptian chronology indicates. Nöldeke, however, numbers this surah as the forty-ninth chronological surah. The difference in numerical order is, perhaps, due to the difference in Meccan and Medinan surahs within each edition. For instance, the Egyptian chronology indicates that there are eighty-eight Meccan surahs and twenty-six Medinan surahs; whereas Noldeke's chronology divides the Meccan period into three, with forty-eight in the first, twenty-one in the second, and twenty-one in the third in addition to twenty-four Medinan surahs. Exegesis This surah clearly directs its message toward the unbelievers in Mecca. Indeed, it covers themes of rejection, truth, and punishment, all of which are addressed in stories of previous peoples. The stories of the people of Noah, the people of ‘Ad, the people of Thamud, the people of Lot, and the people of Pharaoh represent times during which a people refused to believe the word of the above messengers; consequently, they suffered God's wrath. Each unit follows a similar pattern: first, God describes the peoples' refusal to believe and the resultant punishment for refusing to accept His warnings. As Carl Ernst writes in How to Read the Qur'an, surahs from the middle to late Meccan period follow a “tripartite division”, in which one observes a “ring structure, beginning and ending with parallel sections” of divine praise, heavy threats for the unbelievers, and staunch affirmations of the revelation. These parts bookend a somewhat larger middle section, which is “typically a narrative of prophecy and struggle”. Thus, this Meccan surah seems to connect the early Meccan period with the later, as traces of the shorter, more affirmative surahs can be found in particular verses, which resemble “powerful oath formulations” and generate fear in those who may not fully accept the Islamic faith. Within the parallel sections of the ring-like structure of this surah are narratives of the critical choices that Muhammad's audience will face—whether to act as did the previous peoples and to reject Muhammad's message and endure unbearable consequences or to accept God as “the Lord of Mercy, the Giver of Mercy,” and to live eternally “among Gardens and rivers”. Such a choice acts as a testament to God's omnipotence and utter omniscience. 18 “everything is recorded” God, is all-knowing, as the surah both begins and ends with a warning that “everything is recorded” and “everything they do is noted in their records: every action, great or small is recorded”. The first eight verses distinctly refer to events on the Day of Judgment, especially the fates of the disbelievers on that “hard day”, except for the splitting of the moon, since that was a still-unexplained celestial event witnessed by many of the Companions in or around Mecca, and the ch.... 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