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WCLV (90.3 FM) is a non-commercial educational radio station licensed to Cleveland, Ohio, carrying a fine art/classical music format. Owned by Ideastream Public Media, the station serves both Greater Cleveland and Northeast Ohio as the home station for the Cleveland Orchestra and an affiliate of the BBC World Service. This station traditionally has dated its start to September 8, 1984, when regular operations began under its current broadcast license. However, other accounts trace its history to the station it supplanted, WBOE. Under the auspices of the Cleveland Board of Education, WBOE signed on in 1938 as the first formally recognized educational radio station in the United States on the Apex band. In 1941, the station converted to the FM band, becoming not only the first educational FM station, but also the first licensed FM station in Cleveland and one of the first FM stations in Ohio. Featuring in-school instructional programming throughout the majority of its existence, WBOE joined National Public Radio (NPR) in 1977 but shut down the following year due to extreme fiscal distress within the Cleveland Public Schools; this resulted in the absence of public radio in Cleveland proper until successor station WCPN's launch in 1984. Originally one of two NPR member stations in the Northeast Ohio region alongside Kent–licensed WKSU, this station assumed the format and calls of WCLV from 104.9 FM on March 28, 2022, following a programming merger between WCPN and WKSU. WCLV's studios are located at Playhouse Square in Downtown Cleveland with the transmitter residing in the Cleveland suburb of Parma. In addition to a standard analog transmission, WCLV broadcasts over three HD Radio channels, is simulcast over the third HD subchannel of WKSU and its repeater network, relayed over WVIZ's 25.8 audio-only subchannel, and is available online. WBOE (1938–1978) AM Apex establishment Organized radio broadcasting was introduced in the United States in the early 1920s, and by the mid-1930s, the standard amplitude modulation (AM) broadcast band was considered to be too full to allow any meaningful increase in the number of stations. Looking to expand the number of available frequencies, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) began to issue licenses to parties interested in testing the suitability of using higher transmitting frequencies between roughly 25 and 44 MHz. These stations were informally known as "Apex" stations, due to the tall height of their transmitter antennas, which were needed because coverage was primarily limited to local line-of-sight distances. These original Apex stations operated under experimental licenses, and like standard broadcasting stations, used AM transmissions. Meanwhile, the Cleveland Public School system in Cleveland, Ohio, had shown interest in utilizing radio broadcasts as an instructional aide as early as 1925, broadcasting a music appreciation class over WTAM twice each week. Contracting with WHK in 1929, the school system purchased 15-minute blocks of airtime at reduced rates, focusing on specific subjects like arithmetic, music and geography; two Cleveland schools were selected for this experiment, with their existing public address system connected to WHK's signal. By February 1932, the district moved their broadcasts back to WTAM, now NBC-owned, which offered them a daily block of airtime. During the WTAM partnership, the school programs became more sophisticated, including a 43-part series on literacy, geared towards specific age groups from elementary to high school. It would be a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation's General Education Board in 1937, coupled with the demands of accommodating commercial radio, that prompted the school system to enter broadcasting. On July 22, 1937, the Cleveland Board of Education filed paperwork to establish an experimental radio station on 26.4 MHz but the FCC reallocated the Apex frequencies after discovering ionospheric strengthening from high solar activity resulted in strong and undesirable skywave, with two existing stations being heard as far away as Australia. Announced in October 1937, the new allocations resulted in a dedicated band for Apex stations consisting of 75 channels with 40 kHz separations, and spanning from 41.02–43.98 MHz. In addition, the band's first 25 channels, from 41.02–41.98 MHz, were reserved in January 1938 for non-commercial educational stations. The school board's application was accordingly modified on January 31, 1938, from an experimental station to an educational station at 41.5 MHz with 500 watts. Assigned the WBOE call sign, the station became fully licensed on November 21, 1938, as the first authorized educational broadcasting station with facilities and transmitter located at Lafayette School on Abell Avenue. 150 custom-built crystal radio sets were purchased by the district and distributed to all the schools, tuned to pick up WBOE and the respective school's public address system. Because conventional radio sets could not pick up the Apex band, WBOE did not have any discernable audience otherwise; as educator Paul C. Reed summarized the station, "WBOE, as originally set up, could reach its schools but could not reach an adult audience at home." At launch, WBOE only operated on school days for seven hours from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. with instructional material for students from kindergarten to high school. Because of the prior arrangements on WTAM and WHK, several divisions in the school district already boasted as much as eight years of broadcasting experience. Studios were constructed on the sixth floor of the Board of Education building in Downtown Cleveland, which radio supervisor William B. Levenson boasted as "one of the finest in the country". All but one of the high schools in the district launched radio workshops that originated educational programming for WBOE in a method likened to affiliate stations contributing to a radio network. In the spring of 1939, WBOE experimented with facsimile transmissions sent outside of regular programming hours for distributing printed materials such as lesson instructions, announcements and maps; this was demonstrated during the American Association of School Administrators' annual conference held in Cleveland. Conversion to FM At the same time the 41–44 MHz Apex band was established, the FCC noted that research would begin on the technical requirements of frequency modulation as a possible alternative to the ultra high frequency broadcasts that Apex utilitzed. FM experimentations soon revealed significant advantages to Apex, especially with sound quality and resistance to interference from static, including from lightning. The reassigned Apex band was also still prone to extreme skywave propagation, with WBOE receiving reception reports throughout the western and southwestern U.S. and as far as England. In May 1940, the FCC decided to authorize an FM broadcast band, effective January 1, 1941, operatin.... Discover the Jenny Baranick popular books. Find the top 100 most popular Jenny Baranick books.