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The Kakori Train robbery (prapt of Kakori conspiracy) was a train robbery that took place at Kakori, a village near Lucknow, on 9 August 1925, during the Indian independence movement against the British rule in India. It was organized by the Indian revolutionaries of Hindustan Republican Association (HRA). The robbery was conceived by Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan who were members of HRA, which later became the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association. This organisation was established to carry out revolutionary activities against the suppression of British Empire with the objective of achieving independence. Since the organisation needed money for the purchase of weaponry, Bismil and his party made a plan to rob a train on the Saharanpur railway lines. The robbery plan was executed by Bismil, Khan, Rajendra Lahiri, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Sachindra Bakshi, Keshab Chakravarty, Manmathnath Gupta, Mukundi Lal, Murari Lal Gupta and Banwari Lal. One passenger was killed unintentionally. The robbery On 9 August 1925, the Number 8 Down Train was travelling from Shahjahanpur to Lucknow. When it passed Kakori, one of the revolutionary, Rajendra Lahiri pulled the emergency chain to stop the train and subsequently, the other revolutionaries overpowered the guard. It is believed that they looted that specific train because it was carrying the money bags (taxes) which belonged to the Indians and was being transferred to the British government treasury. They looted only these bags (which were present in the guards' cabin and contained about ₹ 8000) and escaped to Lucknow. The objectives of this robbery were to: Fund the HRA with the money of British administration taxed from the Indians. To protest against the British administration collecting a lot of tax from Indians. Garner public attention by creating a positive image of the HRA among Indians. One lawyer, Ahmad Ali, who was a passenger, had got down to see his wife in the ladies compartment and was killed in an unintentional discharge by Manmathnath Gupta, but this made it a manslaughter case. Following the incident, the British administration started an intense manhunt and arrested several of the revolutionaries who were members or part of the HRA. Their leader, Ram Prasad Bismil was arrested at Shahjahanpur on 26 October 1925 and Ashfaqullah Khan was arrested on 7 December 1926 at Delhi. Arrests Forty people were arrested from all over India. Their names (with the place and date of arrest) are: From Agra Chandra Dhar Johri – 19 November 1925 Chandra Bhal Johri – 15 November 1925 From Allahabad Shitala Sahai – 2 November 1925 Jyoti Shankar Dixit – 11 November 1925 Bhupendra Nath Sanyal – 16 December 1925 From Orai Veer Bhadra Tiwari – 31 October 1925 From Benares Manmathnath Gupta – 26 September 1925 Damodar Swarup Seth – 28 September 1925 Ram Nath Pandey – 27 September 1925 Dev Dutt Bhattacharya – 21 October 1925 Indra Vikram Singh – 30 September 1925 Mukundi Lal – 17 January 1926 From Bengal Sachindra Nath Sanyal – 10 December 1925 Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee – 21 December 1925 Rajendra Nath Lahiri – 10 January 1926 Sharat Chandra Guha – 5 October 1925 Kali Das Bose – 2 November 1925 From Etah Babu Ram Verma – 10 November 1925 From Hardoi Bhairon Singh – 11 November 1925 From Jabalpur Pranawesh Chatterjee – 11 December 1925 From Kanpur Ram Dulare Trivedi – 26 September 1925 Gopi Mohan – 25 October 1925 Raj Kumar Sinha – 31 October 1925 Suresh Chandra Bhattacharya – 26 September 1925 From Lahore Mohan Lal Gautam – 18 November 1925 From Lakhimpur Harnam Sundarlal – 7 November 1925 From Lucknow Govind Charan Kar – 26 September 1925 Sachindranath Biswas – 6 October 1925 From Meerut Vishnu Sharan Dublish – 26 September 1925 From Pune Ram Krishna Khatri – 18 October 1925 From Raebareli Banwari Lal – 15 December 1925 From Shahjahanpur Ram Prasad Bismil – 26 October 1925 Banarsi Lal – 26 September 1925 Lala Hargovind – 26 September 1925 Prem Krishna Khanna – 26 September 1925 Indubhushan Mitra – 30 September 1925 Thakur Roshan Singh – 26 September 1925 Ram Dutt Shukla – 3 October 1925 Madan Lal – 10 October 1925 Ram Ratna Shukla – 11 October 1925 Arrested later — From Delhi Ashfaqullah Khan – 7 December 1926 From Pratapgarh Sachindranath Bakshi – September 1926 Of the above, Sachindranath Sanyal, Rajendra Lahiri, and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee had already been arrested in Bengal. Lahiri was prosecuted in a Dakshineshwar bombing case, while Ashfaqullah Khan and Sachindranath Bakshi were arrested later when the main Kakori action case was over. A supplementary case was filed against these two and they were prosecuted in the same manner. Chandrashekhar Azad was the only paricipant to not get arrested. Kakori trial Bismil and some others were charged with various offences, including robbery and murder. Fourteen people were released due to a lack of evidence. Two of the accused – Ashfaqullah Khan and Sachindranath Bakshi were captured after the trial. Chandrashekhar Azad reorganized the HRA in 1928 and operated it until his death on 27 February 1931. Charges pressed against further three men were dropped. Damodar Swarup Seth was discharged due to illness, while Veer Bhadra Tiwari and Jyoti Shankar Dixit were suspected of providing information to the authorities. Two other individuals – Banarsi Lal and Indubhushan Mitra came to be approvers in return for a lenient sentence. Court's proceedings Charges against 19 of the accused were withdrawn (2 had become approvers while 17 people had been released). The trial against the remaining 21 began on 1 May 1926 at the Special Sessions Court of Justice Archibald Hamilton. Abbas Salim Khan, Banwari Lal Bhargava, Gyan Chatterjee, and Mohammad Ayuf were the assessors of the case. Of the 21 accused, two people namely Sachindranath Biswas and Lala Hargovind were released due to lack of evidence, while Gopi Mohan became an approver. The court had appointed Jagat Narayan Mulla as public prosecutor knowingly; he had a prejudice against Ram Prasad Bismil since 1916, when Bismil led the grand procession of Bal Gangadhar Tilak at Lucknow. He had also been the public prosecutor in the Mainpuri conspiracy case of 1918. The government officers had also bribed many of the accused to become approvers. The trials were mainly based on the statements given by Banwari Lal who had met the revolutionaries and was also involved in the planning the robbery activities taken up by the group at Bamrauli (25 December 1924), Bichpuri (9 March 1925) and Dwarikapur (25 May 1925). So, his statement was used as the main evidence to prove the HRA members guilty. The judgement of the case trials of Sessions Court was pronounced on 6 April 1927 as follows — Ram Prasad Bismil, Roshan Singh and Rajendra Nath Lahiri were sentenced to death. Sachindranath Sanyal was given life imprisonment. Manmathnath Gupta was sentenced to 14 years' imprisonment. Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee, Govind Charan Kar, Raj Kumar Sinha,.... Discover the Sharat Chandra Chakravarty popular books. Find the top 100 most popular Sharat Chandra Chakravarty books.