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Giovanna Brogi Bercoff Marko Pavlyshyn S Biography & Facts

Marko Vovchok (Ukrainian: Марко́ Вовчо́к, birth name: Mariia Vilinskа, surname by the first marriage: Markovych, surname by the second marriage: Lobach-Zhuchenko, Russian: Мария Александровна Вилинская; 22 December 1833 – 10 August 1907) was a Ukrainian female writer of Russian descent. Her pen name, Marko Vovchok, was invented by Panteleimon Kulish. Her works had an anti-serfdom orientation and described the historical past of Ukraine. In the 1860s, Vovchok gained considerable literary fame in Ukraine after the publication in 1857 of a Ukrainian-language collection, "Folk Tales". In terms of literary fiction, Marko is considered to be one of the first influential modernist authors in Ukraine. Her works "shaped the development of the Ukrainian short story". Also, she enriched the Ukrainian literature with a number of new genres, in particular, the social story (Instytutka). The story "Marusya", translated and adapted into French, became popular in Western Europe at the end of the 19th century. After a scandal over the plagiarism of her translations into Russian in the 1870s, she almost ended her literary career. Later it was uncovered that she even didn't do the translations in question, but hired ghostwriters, underpaid, too. Vilinska's was the wife of Ukrainian ethnographer Opanas Markovych and of Russian officer Mikhail Lobach-Zhuchenko, the mother of Russian publicist Bohdan Markovych, the cousin of Russian literary critic Dmitry Pisarev, the older sister of Russian writer Dmitry Vilinsky, and the aunt of Ukrainian diplomat Oleksandr Vilinskyi. Until now, there are different opinions about the authorship of Ukrainian works by Marko Vovchko. Discussions about her magnum opus "Folk Tales" have been going on since the middle of the 19th century: many literary critics (including the editor of the collection Panteleimon Kulish) believe that this collection was co-authored with her first husband, the ethnographer Opanas Markovych. Biography Mariya Vilinska was born in 1833 in the Oryol Governorate of the Russian Empire into the family of an army officer and a noblewoman. After she lost her father at the age of 7, she was raised at her aunt's estate and then sent off to study first to Kharkov (now Kharkiv, Ukraine) and then to Oryol. In 1851 she moved to Ukraine, having married Aphanasyy Markovych, a folklorist and ethnographer who was a member of the Brotherhood of Saints Cyril and Methodius. From 1851 till 1858 she lived in Chernihiv, Kyiv and Nemyriv, assisting her husband with his ethnographic work and learning the Ukrainian culture and language. In 1857 Marko Vovchok wrote Narodni opovidannya (Folk Stories). It met with immediate acclaim in Ukrainian literary circles, in particular from Taras Shevchenko and Panteleimon Kulish, and in Russia, after it had been translated into Russian and edited by Ivan Turgenev as Ukrainskie narodnye rasskazy (Ukrainian Folk Tales, 1859). After a short stay in Saint Petersburg in 1859, Marko Vovchok moved to Central Europe, where she resided in Germany, France, Italy and Switzerland. From 1867 to 1878, she again lived in Saint Petersburg, where due to the prohibition against the Ukrainian language she wrote and translated for Russian magazines. Vovchok wrote in Russian Zhivaya dusha (The living soul, 1868), Zapiski prichyotnika (Notes of a junior deacon, 1870), V glushi (In the backwoods, 1875), and several other novels. From 1878, she lived in the Northern Caucasus, and in 1885–1893 in Kiev Governorate, where she proceeded with her work on Ukrainian folklore and a dictionary. At the beginning of the 1900s Mariya Vilinska restored her contact with Ukrainian publishers. After gaining considerable publicity for her plagiarism, when she attributed other people's Russian translations to herself, and the collapse of the Translations of the Best Foreign Writers magazine, Vovchok left St. Petersburg in 1872 and settled on the estate of her acquaintances in the Tver province. Living in the "province", she continued to write in Russian. In particular, at this time her novels and short stories "Warm Nest" (Ukr. Teple Gnezdechko, 1873), "In the Wilderness" (Ukr. In the game, 1875), "Rest in the village" (Ukr. Rest in the village, 1876—1899), etc. 1878 - remarries Mikhail Lobach-Zhuchenko, much younger than her, and for the next 30 years lives in her husband's places of service in various parts of the Russian Empire (Stavropol, Boguslav, Nalchik). In particular, in 1887-1893 - in the village. Khokhitva (Kyiv province). Later, the Lobach-Zhuchenko family settled in the Russian city of Nalchik, Terek region, and lived there until the death of Maria Lobach-Zhuchenko. She died on 10 August 1907 in Nalchik, Russian Empire. Vovchok's Folk Stories Vovchok published several collections of short stories over her career. Vovchok published her first collection in 1858 in St. Petersburg entitled Narodni opovidannia (Folk Stories). This collection was published by P. Kulish, who had published two of her stories the year prior. Five of the stories in her first volume were about serfdom and contained anti-serfdom sentiment. In 1859, in Russian, she published a collection of folk storied called Stories from the Folk Life of Russia. She published "Instytutka" in the same year. In 1862, Vovchok published her second volume of folk stories in Ukrainian and she published a third in 1865. These collections of folk stories were Vovchok's most influential and well-known works, as well as those that contributed to Ukrainian literary culture the most. Themes and Literary Style Vovchok tended to write three broad categories of folk stories. She often centered serfs, free peasants, or more traditional Ukrainian fables and tales. She also usually depicted women as the protagonists of these stories. Her empathetic and emotional portrayals of serf and peasant women caught the attention of many Russian and Ukrainian readers, as well as her detailed descriptions of the effects of serfdom on women. Vovchok's focus on women is present in almost all of her stories, regardless of plot and other themes. She focused often on the domestic life of women, as well as the individual and specific difficulties they faced. Vovchok also wrote many stories about freed serfs, in which she focused more on the domestic life that was possible for members of the freed serf class. These stories often overlapped with the themes and plots that were found in other typical folk stories of the time and region. She emphasizes the joys and hardships that freed serfs could face, but she often included the caveat that no matter the hardships freed serfs face, they were much happier just being out from under the yoke of serfdom. In the few English translations of Vovchok's work, often her fables and folk songs are omitted and are therefore not well documented in the English language. Vovchok combined poetic and folk song influences with realism in many of her stories. She often placed emphasis on h.... Discover the Giovanna Brogi Bercoff Marko Pavlyshyn S popular books. Find the top 100 most popular Giovanna Brogi Bercoff Marko Pavlyshyn S books.